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L'abruzzo come non l'avete mai immaginato Abruzzi also called ABRUZZO, regione, central Italy, fronting the
Adriatic Sea and comprising the provincie of L'Aquila,
Chieti, Pescara, and Teramo. Most of the region is
mountainous or hilly, except for such intermontane basins
as those of L'Aquila, Sulmona, and Fucino. The Apennines,
the dominant physical feature, consist of three chains
trending northwest-southeast, of which the easternmost,
including the Gran Sasso d'Italia (9,560 feet [2,914 m])
and Maiella groups, is the highest. From the Gran Sasso,
sand and clay hills present a gradual slope eastward to
the narrow Adriatic shoreline. The few small coastal
harbours have little economic importance for fishing or
commerce. The principal rivers (the Tronto, Pescara,
Sangro, and Trigno) drain to the Adriatic, providing
irrigation in their lower courses. The course of these
streams is irregular, and, because of massive
deforestation on the upper slopes, floods and landslides
occur frequently during the spring and fall rains. The
ancient Italic tribes that once inhabited the region long
resisted conquest and retained their own character even
after Roman rule was imposed on them. The name of the
region, originally Aprutium, is believed to have come
from that of one of the ancient tribes, the Praetutii.
Under Lombard rule during the early Middle Ages, the
Abruzzi was controlled by the duchy of Spoleto, and
Molise (the region to the south) by the duchy of
Benevento. The Normans established themselves in the area
in the 12th century, and the region sided with the
Hohenstaufens in their long struggle with the papacy.
After the fall of the Hohenstaufen dynasty in the 13th
century, Abruzzi and Molise in turn came under Angevin (house
of Anjou), Spanish, and Bourbon rulers. Under the last,
as part of the Kingdom of Naples, they were divided into
Abruzzo Ulteriore I, Abruzzo Ulteriore II, Abruzzo Citra,
and Molise. As Abruzzi e Molise, they became part of the
Kingdom of Italy in 1860 and in 1965 were divided into
the separate regions of Abruzzi and Molise. The regional
capital is L'Aquila. The rugged terrain of Abruzzi long
hindered its economic development. Construction of a
motorway from the west to the Adriatic coast at Pescara
opened the region to the rest of Italy. Agriculture is
mainly of local importance, except in the intensively
cultivated intermontane basins. Wheat, grapes, fruit, and
olives are the most widespread crops, while tobacco,
sugar beets, and saffron represent the cash crops.
Livestock raising has been the mainstay of much of the
region; migratory herding of sheep from mountain pastures
in the Abruzzi to lowland winter pastures outside of the
region continues, although on a decreasing scale. Pigs
are raised, and the region's smoked ham and sausages are
well known. Industrial development, concentrated chiefly
in the provincial capitals, is slight. The main rail
artery is the Rome-Pescara line, and local rail
connections are slowly losing traffic to buses and trucks.
Tourism is increasing in the coastal resorts but is not
yet a major economic factor. Area 4,168 square miles (10,794
square km). Pop. (1991 prelim.) 1,249,388. |
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